1 Eyelid or orbital surgeries performed on patients taking certain antithrombotics in the perioperative period may substantially increase the risk of orbital hemorrhage and permanent vision loss. In trabeculectomy surgery, for example, use of aspirin has been associated with a 50.9% incidence of vision-threatening hyphema, compared to 28.0% in nonusers. While many ophthalmologic procedures are performed safely without cessation of antithrombotic agents, others routinely require consideration of antithrombotic interruption due to potential vision-threatening hemorrhagic risks. We strongly recommend that candidates review this book following their study of the basic and clinical textbooks.In ophthalmic and orbital surgery, perioperative use of antithrombotic medications may significantly increase bleeding risk in certain procedures and cause significant morbidity. Each year, an increasing number of our colleagues with limited time are required to obtain credential from the board in national and international examinations. First section of the Basic and Clinical Science Course (BCSC) book series by American Academy of Ophthalmology (AAO) was used as the main reference.Īs the educational requirements have grown, learning processes have changed. We hope that this approach makes the book more user-friendly. Correct answers had been mentioned in bold as well as in detail explanation in order to assist the readers to find a more comprehensive review.

We have introduced a new format which is putting the answers below the questions therefore the readers can find the answers more easily. Hence, our attempt to bring together a comprehensive question bank in order to assist those candidates. Our past experiences in International Council of Ophthalmology (ICO) exams as well as in MRCS/FRCS examinations reveal that General Medicine are always very difficult for exam candidates. This book may be useful for medical students, ophthalmology residents, practicing ophthalmologists, nurses, internal medicine and those who would like to practice on sample questions in General Medicine. We have put together this book in order to assist the readers in the learning process. Our understanding of General Medicine has increased considerably over the last few decades.įurthermore, there is such an overwhelming body of knowledge that it is generally difficult to discern what is important to know in the General Medicine. Importance of study are exciting and rapidly advancing fields of medical science.

Aao bcsc questions